London, 17 June 2026 — As Colombians prepare to vote in the second round of the presidential election this Sunday, 21 June, the outcome is expected to shape the country’s approach to peace, human rights, security and environmental policy for years to come.

Polls point to a close race, leaving the outcome highly uncertain. The leading candidates, Iván Cepeda of the left-wing Pacto Histórico (Historic Pact) and Abelardo de la Espriella of the right-wing Movimiento de Salvación Nacional (National Salvation Movement), present sharply contrasting visions for Colombia’s future. Their respective platforms diverge significantly on key issues including security, the implementation of the 2016 Peace Accord, poverty reduction, economic policy, human and environmental rights — all of which have profound implications for conflict-affected communities, rural leaders and the country’s long-term stability.

“The harsh and personally destructive language used during this election campaign has left Colombia dangerously divided. Whoever wins the presidency will need the courage and political intelligence to unite Colombian society and build alliances in Congress; otherwise, the gains of the 2016 Peace Process will continue to be eroded.” Louise Winstanley, Programme and Advocacy Manager, ABColombia

The election comes at a pivotal moment as Colombia approaches the tenth anniversary of the 2016 Peace Accord in November. Armed criminal and guerrilla groups, that remained active after the signing of the Accord, have expanded significantly under the last two presidencies, as they compete for control of illicit economies, strategic territories and communities. This poses significant challenges for the incoming government.

“Colombia has the obligation to guarantee all people the effective enjoyment of their fundamental rights, without discrimination, barriers, exclusions, or unjustified restrictions. Within this framework, the comprehensive protection of communities, social leaders, human rights defenders, and former combatants in the process of reintegration is a priority for consolidating peace, democracy, and social justice.” Gerardina Cardozo Aragón, Social Ministry of the Diocese of San Vicente del Caguán (FUNVIPAS).

Colombia stands at a critical crossroads. The next government will determine whether Colombia can be brought back from its current trajectory of increasing violence and turn a corner to deliver on effective governance, stabilise the economy, tackle violence against women and marginalised groups, and invest in social development and strong state institutions in rural areas.

Widely recognised by international experts as a roadmap for sustainable peace, the full implementation of the 2016 Peace Accord will require strong political leadership, strategic alliances in Congress, a more unified society, and the financial resources needed for its full implementation.